I'm not aware of any careful studies of pool surfaces, but from what data I have seen, and from my own field experience it's my judgement that if:
(a) the pH remains between 7.2 and 8.0;
(b) the alkalinity remains above 80;
(c) the calcium remains above 100;
then you are unlikely to see erosion of the pool surface . . . caused by water quality.

BUT . . . there's a huge controversy in the pool industry due to problems that appear in concrete surfaces -- plaster (Marcite) + all the other newer surfaces, like DiamondBrite, etc -- with blame by applicators being directed at chemistry, and blame by pool service guys (responsible for chemistry) being directed applicators.

Again, there are no indisputable studies. But it appears to me that there are LARGE variations in surface application quality, and that poor surfaces will deteriorate even in good water. Some of the blame appears to rest on variations in material quality, but much seems to rest on applicator skill and dedication. Unfortunately, it's very hard to define either what makes up "high materials quality" or "professional application technique".

The only real test seems to be that of time: applicators with a decade-long track record of successful and durable applications are MUCH to preferred than those with less time or history.