Hi, and welcome to the forum!!
58 pounds of ANYTHING added to your pool can and usually will result in cloudiness, and your best bet is to give your filter some time to work to get it all out of the water. The alum that they had you broadcast over the pool is to clump together all the particles floating around in your water to drop them to the bottom so they can be filtered out....so you're about to vacuum out all the stuff you bought to add to the water! Next time, skip that step and give your filter a chance to work. If you have a sand filter, you can add a handful of DE through the skimmer to help it pick up smaller particles, and that will help dramatically.
Phosphates is only a real problem in very, very few situations, and I doubt yours is one of them. Posphate removers do a lot toward lining the pockets of the pool store, though--so I would completely skip that step...you're lucky they were out of phos-free.
For a CYA of 40, chlorine kept at 3-6 ppm is sufficient. I don't understand why, if they said your chlorine was too low, they didn't recommend that you add more chlorine--instead they recommended alum. That doesn't make any sense at all, so I would seriously question the advice that they're giving you. In answer to your question about the FAC bottoming out, I strongly suspect that you're not quite finished killing the algae that was turning your water green. With a CYA of 40, you need to add enough chlorine (we recommend plain, unscented bleach) to get your FC up to 15 ppm, and hold it there by testing and adding more chlorine as needed, as many times daily as you can. If you'll to go WalMart (or your pool store, for that matter) and buy the cheap OTO kit that uses drops to measure chlorine and pH, you can do this at home without having to rely on pool store numbers (and lists of unneccessary stuff they want you to buy). Brush the pool daily, keep the pump running 24/7, cleaning it as the pressure indicates, and maintain that shock level until the pool clears and until you're not losing any chlorine when testing at sundown and again at sunup. Then you can let your chlorine level drop and enjoy your pool.
The SWCG makes the pool as maintenance free as it can get--but you need to get your water straightened out before it's going to help you.
Janet
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