Re: Maximum concentration of Muriatic acid safely used?
Muriatic acid is not killing the algae. it is removing a layer of plaster from your pool and that is not always a good thing.
Extended periods of pH below 7.0 are hard on pool equipment at best and outright damaging at worst.
If you have a heater I hope you bypassed it because heat exchangers are easily damaged by low pH. The result of damage to a heat exchanger is usually green hair and copper stains on the plaster--out of the frying pan and into the fire so to speak.
There are methods for doing a "no drain acid wash" which is what you have attempted but they include monitoring the pH and bringing the pH and TA back up once the treatment is finished. They should not be attempted unless you have both acid and base demand tests and access to the large amounts of baking soda, soda ash, and/or borax that is going to be needed to stop the process. Also, a pH testing method other than phenol red is a good idea so you know just how low the pH really is. Best choice is a calibrated pH meter (expensive piece of equipment).
While you may have removed the stain you have not killed the algae.
to answer your questions as you numbered them:
1. you do not want the pH below 7.2 for an extended period of time! Amount of acid that will lower the pH depends on your starting pH and TA so it is impossible to give a set amount.
2.In a word, no.
3. Algae is not going to be your problem now. You have probably elevated your calcium hardness at this point by dissolving plaster. Just clean the filter like you normally do.
4. Muriatic acid is used to remove metal stains when other methods fail. Certain copper stains (the black ones) are very difficult to remove and acid washing is often the only recourse. Realize that it removes the stain by removing a layer of plaster. You can only do this so often before you need to re-plaster the pool.
Also, acid washing is the only thing that can remove scale (calcium deposits). Realize that calcium is also a metal.
Finally, Muriatic acid does not kill algae, chlorine does. If you had a bit of patience and persistence you would have eliminated the problem without causing damage to your plaster.
Hope this is helpful and gives you something to think about.
Retired pool store and commercial pool maintenance guy.
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