Sounds like you've got a good plan. The cloudiness is mostly dead algae and, you are correct, it will filter out over the next few days or maybe sooner.

Yes, the pucks will slowly get your CYA to the correct level. At this time of year, (since you won't have a big chlorine demand) that would be an acceptable way get the job done........two caveats......It will also lower your pH (slowly) and, if you don't monitor the CYA level, will continue to add it until you have too much and then you must drain and refill to get rid of it.

Keeping those things in mind, pucks will work nicely for what you want to do. Don't plan on using them next Summer for the above reasons.