Hi Sunnie, and welcome to the Pool Forum!
Take a vitamin C tablet and hold it on one of the spots and see if that makes it go away. If it does, it is most likely a rust stain. Report back on what happens.
The yellowish dust on the bottom could be 1) dust/pollen on the bottom or 2) mustard algae.
Sometimes dust on the bottom gets stirred up into the suspension of the water by the movement of the vac head and then, when the water quiets back down, it falls back and redeposits on the floor. Try vacuuming again and move the vac head REALLY, REALLY slowly. See if it comes back the next day.
Also, we are going to need some current water testing results to really be able to help. Do you have a drops-based kit? 'Guess-strips' don't count. The test kit that we think is by far the best is the Taylor K2006 or 2006C (better buy). Not available locally but you can get it through this link that takes you to Amazon: http://pool9.net/tk/
But, in the meantime, go to Walmart and see if they have the HTH 6-Way drops-based kit (no test strips!) and get that. If they don't, get an OTO/Phenol Red kit (yellow and red drops) instead. Use it to test and then post your numbers. Also while you are at WallyWorld, get several jugs of their generic 8.25% bleach and a couple of boxes of 20 Mule Team Borax (laundry aisle).
Repost with requested info and then someone here can try and help you.
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