I have the same stone on outdoor walkways and some on columns. Except for the walkways turning darker over time, they're in the same condition they were at installation 5 or 6 years ago. So I'm pretty sure the pool water has caused the degradation of the stone coping. And by the way, my pool's original sanitation was chlorine tablets before I installed a SWCG. The stone degradation started long before the pool was converted to salt.
First of all, I tried all the recommended stone sealers (some even marketed specifically for pool stone) on the shelf and none of them worked for more than a few days/weeks until the stone started flaking again. About five years ago I found a product online called DryTreat. It was made by an Australian company who held the patent and was very expensive ($150 to $200/gallon) depending on the merchant and which product. For that kind of money, I didn't want to screw it up, so I found a local stone care guy who was familiar/certified on the product. I may have located him on DryTreat's website, I don't remember. He did a really good, honest job, requiring several visits, but could not offer the lifetime guarantee because the stone had been previously treated with other products. At this point, I was desperate, and just wanted the flaking/sand/dust to go away.
It worked great for about 4 or 5 years, only about 1% to 5% flaking of what it was before treatment . Over the past year, the stone has begun to degrade again. The stone guy told me the best method to apply the products was to literally soak each stone in it before installation. For now, I just shop-vac the coping/deck occasionally and the cleaner picks up the stuff that falls in the pool. Not sure I want to pursue anymore remedy for now. I've been told the only permanent fix is to replace the natural stone with something artificial (bricks, tile, etc. designed for pools). I would not recommend any natural stone for a pool to anyone.
Lastly, all this info is a few years in the making. There may be other products, methods, applicators out there today. If you discover anything, let me know. Good luck,
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