First, Welcome to the forum.
Got a couple questions. To get the pressure back to the starting point of 13 psi do you just shut the pump down for a while or backwash, or something else? Is the pressure and flow steady when in recirculate mode? Before you changed the sand did it behave like it should? According to a filter data sheet I looked at it is rated at 50 GPM and I'm thinking your pump is capable of more than that. 1.5 HP is too big for your pool, but that doesn't answer your question. I think Ben mentioned this in another thread recently, not sure, but he suggested with an oversize pump you may be forcing sand into the lateral slits and effectively plugging them. Backwashing would most likely unplug them and the process starts over. To be honest I'm not sure of the various grades of filter sand but maybe you had a coarser grade before. Something else doesn't make much sense to me and that is with the flow almost stopped I would think the 1.5 HP pump would cause a reading up around 30 psi or greater in a blocked condition, not just 20 psi.
Al
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