Re: Spa Heater Efficiency?
Don't confuse temperature with heat. Yes the stack gas is hot but efficiency is based on heat. One measure of heat is the BTU or British Thermal Unit which is the amount of heat needed to raise 1 pound of water 1 deg F. Since air is a lot less dense than water the little bit of heat out the stack will raise it's temperature a lot more than the water in the heat exchanger. Don't know about pool heaters but the condensation statement is real to some extent. One combustion product, water vapor, will condense on a cool surface and if the efficiency gets real high you run the risk of condensate forming and possibly damaging the heat exchanger or other components. In the high efficiency home furnaces I believe the combustion air flow is so low it has to be assisted with a fan and directed to a final heat exchanger made of stainless steel to handle the condensate. Never had one but that's what I learned years ago from someone that had one.
Hope this helps.
Al